Know the facts about STIs in teens

Statistics show that sexually transmitted infections (STIs), also called sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), are on the rise among teens locally and across the country. More than 2.4 million cases of STIs were reported in 2023 nationwide, with those aged 15 to 24 representing nearly half of the cases. The Beyond ABC report found an increase of syphilis (59%) and chlamydia (10%) in North Texas children younger than 19 between 2021 and 2023.

With this knowledge, it’s important for parents to have open, honest and ongoing conversations with their teens – even though it may feel uncomfortable. These conversations can help prepare teens to deal with situations safely and responsibly.

Our adolescent and young adult medicine specialists answer parents' most commonly asked questions about teens and STIs and shares advice on how you can start the conversation with your child.

What are common STIs in teens?

Gonorrhea and chlamydia are the most common reported STIs in teens. Other common STIs include human papillomavirus (HPV) and herpes simplex virus.

STIs often go undiagnosed and untreated as not all infections present symptoms. That’s why it’s important for parents to have ongoing conversations about sexual and reproductive health, responsible decision-making, and among sexually active teens, regular testing.

What should I tell my teen about STIs?

It can be hard for teens to sort fact from fiction when it comes to sexual education and reproductive health. Parents should answer questions openly and honestly, and be prepared to address a wide-range of issues, including:

• How STIs are transmitted, which includes sexual intercourse, close sexual contact or bodily fluids

• Symptoms of STIs, including that you can't tell if someone has an STI just by looking at them

• The importance of treating STIs and possible side effects if left untreated

• How condoms can reduce (but not completely prevent) STIs

• The importance of regular STI testing for sexually active young adults

How can I talk to my teen about STIs?

Conversations about reproductive and sexual health should begin long before puberty hits. Experts recommend starting with honest and stigma-free conversations about their bodies – including teaching young children anatomically correct names for body parts.

"Many people think sexual health and reproductive health is a taboo topic," says Dr. Lau. "Really, it's not just about having sex, it's about making healthy decisions. Framing it in a positive light helps take the embarrassment – for teens and their parents – out of the conversation."

Expert tips for talking about sex, STIs and healthy relationships include:

• Read a book together and talk about what you've learned.

• Tackle sticky subjects in the car when you're not forced to look at each other.

• Use TV shows or current events to discuss the decisions a character or person made and how your child would have responded.

• Take advantage of certain times in your child's life when the conversation comes up naturally, such as when they receive the HPV vaccine.

• Talk about topics beyond sex and STIs. Discuss consent, respect, honesty and trust to show teens how to build and maintain healthy relationships.

Learn more

The Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) program includes comprehensive patient care for male and female patients from 11 to 21 years old. As adolescent specialists, we do not replace your primary care provider (PCP). We serve as an additional resource to promote adolescent health. Board-certified, fellowship trained adolescent medicine providers are available to educate, counsel, manage and support adolescents on many issues, including mental health, substance use, sexual and reproductive health, diagnosing and treating STIs, acne, menstrual issues and more.