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Pediatric dermoid cyst

A dermoid cyst is a mature cystic teratoma (slow growing tumor) that contains structures characteristic of normal skin. In pediatric patients, dermoid cysts are small discreet masses that occur most commonly in the head and neck, especially near the lateral eyebrow (side of the eyebrow).

Overview

What are pediatric dermoid cysts?

Generally, a cyst is a closed sac with an intact covering that is distinct (or separated) from the nearby tissues. These sacs may vary in size and may contain a variety of body fluids or tissues. The number of different kinds of cysts that can occur in children is quite large. In general, most of these cysts are benign (doesn’t threaten health or life) and slow growing.

Signs and Symptoms

What are the signs and symptoms of pediatric dermoid cysts?

Sign and symptoms may include a lump under the skin. The skin may also look a slight blue color.

Diagnosis

How are pediatric dermoid cysts diagnosed?

Dermoid cysts are diagnosed through a physical exam.

Causes

What are the causes of pediatric dermoid cysts?

These cysts are present at birth and happens when the skin layers do not grow together as they should.

Treatment

How are pediatric dermoid cysts treated?

The only reliable treatment for dermoid cysts is surgery to remove them. Dermoid cysts often contain both a cyst wall and a central mass of cheese-like material. This material is often viscous or thick and is not well treated by aspiration (insertion of a needle). In order to fully remove the cyst, surgical excision and removal of all components of the cyst is generally required. 

Your child's doctor will discuss treatment options with you and your child.

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