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Pediatric intraventricular hemorrhage and stroke

Intraventricular hemorrhage (in·​tra·​ven·​tric·​u·​lar - hem·​or·​rhage) or IVH is bleeding into the brain’s ventricular system (the communication network), which can result from physical trauma or from hemorrhaging (bleeding) during a stroke.

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What is a pediatric intraventricular hemorrhage and stroke?

Intraventricular hemorrhage can damage or kill areas of the brain that are critical to development and motor function. Intraventricular hemorrhage is a frequent cause of death in premature infants (babies born more than three weeks early).

What are the different types of a pediatric intraventricular hemorrhage and stroke?

  • Arterial bleeding - This type of hemorrhage results in additional loss of oxygen to tissue because arteries carry oxygenated blood to the heart. Arterial hemorrhages are harder to control than venous hemorrhages.
  • Venous bleeding - This type of hemorrhage affects the veins that return blood to the heart.

What are the signs and symptoms of a pediatric intraventricular hemorrhage and stroke?

Symptoms of an intraventricular hemorrhage include:

  • Abnormal eye movement
  • Apnea (pauses in breathing)
  • Decreased muscle tone
  • Decreased reflexes
  • Excessive sleep or lethargy
  • Fallen blood count
  • Pale or blue coloring
  • Seizures
  • Shrill cry
  • Weak suck

Symptoms of a stroke include:

  • Extreme sleepiness
  • Seizures
  • Using only one side of the body

What are the causes of a pediatric intraventricular hemorrhage and stroke?

The cause of IVH can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired (develops over time). A stroke (when blood flow to the brain is cut off and cells are damaged) is one cause of intraventricular hemorrhages.

Other causes include:

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